Tanzania Weather in January
January in Tanzania falls during the middle of the wet season, making it an interesting time to visit with unique advantages and challenges. As part of East Africa’s tropical climate zone, Tanzania experiences varying weather patterns depending on the region. Coastal cities like Dar es Salaam, as well as islands like Zanzibar, enjoy warm, humid conditions and occasional rainfall, while the inland areas such as the Serengeti or the Ngorongoro Crater are cooler and experience sporadic showers. January is also a great time to explore the stunning landscapes and abundant wildlife, but travelers need to be prepared for the warm temperatures, occasional rains, and high humidity.
Average Temperatures in January
January is one of the hottest months of the year in Tanzania, with the coastal areas and lowlands experiencing higher temperatures and humidity. The average temperatures across Tanzania during January range from 22°C (72°F) at night to 30°C (86°F) or higher during the day. The temperature can be cooler in the highlands and elevated areas such as the Ngorongoro Crater and Mount Kilimanjaro, where average daytime highs range from 20°C (68°F) to 25°C (77°F).
Historical Temperature and Precipitation Data (Past 10 Years)
The following table provides the average high and low temperatures and precipitation levels for key cities in Tanzania during January over the past decade. This historical data will help give you an idea of what to expect weather-wise.
| Year | Dar es Salaam (High/Low °C) | Arusha (High/Low °C) | Zanzibar (High/Low °C) | Serengeti (High/Low °C) | Average Precipitation (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 31/25 | 28/16 | 31/25 | 28/18 | 80 |
| 2023 | 30/24 | 27/15 | 30/24 | 27/17 | 85 |
| 2022 | 32/26 | 29/17 | 32/26 | 28/18 | 90 |
| 2021 | 31/25 | 28/16 | 31/25 | 28/19 | 78 |
| 2020 | 30/24 | 28/16 | 31/25 | 27/18 | 85 |
| 2019 | 31/25 | 28/17 | 30/24 | 28/18 | 83 |
| 2018 | 32/26 | 29/16 | 31/25 | 28/17 | 88 |
| 2017 | 30/24 | 27/16 | 31/25 | 28/18 | 87 |
| 2016 | 31/25 | 28/17 | 30/24 | 28/18 | 90 |
| 2015 | 32/26 | 29/16 | 32/26 | 28/19 | 84 |
From the table, you can see that Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar along the coast experience relatively high temperatures in January, with highs between 30°C and 32°C (86°F to 90°F) and lows ranging from 24°C to 26°C (75°F to 79°F). Arusha and the Serengeti, located inland and at a higher altitude, are slightly cooler, with daytime highs ranging from 27°C to 29°C (81°F to 84°F) and cooler nights with temperatures between 15°C and 18°C (59°F to 64°F). Precipitation during January is moderate, with rainfall levels generally ranging from 78mm to 90mm, depending on the region.
Precipitation Levels and Rainfall
January is part of the “short rains” season in Tanzania, particularly on the northern and coastal parts of the country, including Zanzibar and Dar es Salaam. While the rains aren’t as heavy as the “long rains” season (typically from March to May), they can still cause occasional disruptions. Coastal cities, including Zanzibar and Dar es Salaam, often experience light to moderate rainfall, especially in the late afternoon and evening.
In the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater, the rains are more sporadic but still significant, providing lush green landscapes that are perfect for wildlife viewing. While there is less precipitation in the central and southern regions of Tanzania, places like Arusha and the northern safari parks can see intermittent showers. Snowfall is virtually nonexistent, except at high altitudes like Mount Kilimanjaro.
Wind and Atmospheric Pressure
The wind in January tends to be moderate, with coastal areas, such as Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar, experiencing gentle sea breezes from the Indian Ocean. These winds help temper the heat and humidity in the coastal regions but do not have the strength of the trade winds in other parts of the year. In the inland areas and on the safari circuit, such as the Serengeti, the wind is lighter, with little to no noticeable impact on the weather.
January typically sees relatively stable atmospheric pressure, with low-pressure systems bringing rain showers to the coastal regions and higher-pressure systems to the central and northern parts. This pressure variation can contribute to some cloud cover and rainfall in the wetter regions but will not cause significant disruptions. The lower humidity levels in the inland areas like Arusha and the Serengeti make the climate more comfortable compared to the coast.
Things to Consider When Traveling in January
While January in Tanzania offers ideal conditions for travelers, there are a few things to keep in mind when planning your trip.
Dress for the Warmth and Rain
The key to enjoying your trip to Tanzania in January is packing the right clothing. For coastal and warmer regions like Zanzibar and Dar es Salaam, lightweight, breathable clothes are essential to stay cool in the humid conditions. Light cotton or linen fabrics will keep you comfortable during the day, and a light jacket or sweater may be necessary for cooler evenings. If you’re heading to the Serengeti or Ngorongoro Crater, consider packing warmer layers for cooler nights, as temperatures can drop to 15°C (59°F) or lower.
For the wet regions, including Zanzibar and coastal cities, you’ll want to pack a light raincoat or umbrella, as short rain showers are common in the afternoon. Waterproof footwear will help in case of puddles or muddy conditions, especially on the safari routes.
Protect Against Mosquitoes and Sun Exposure
In January, the combination of warm temperatures and rainfall means mosquitoes are prevalent, especially in the evenings and during the night. To avoid malaria, make sure to use insect repellent with DEET, wear long sleeves and trousers in the evenings, and consider sleeping under a mosquito net in more rural areas. Additionally, while the weather is generally warm, Tanzania’s sun can be intense, so sun protection is a must. Bring sunscreen with a high SPF, wear a hat, and use sunglasses to protect your eyes from UV rays.
Be Prepared for Rain in Certain Regions
While rain during January is generally light and sporadic, the northern and coastal areas tend to experience more frequent showers. Make sure you stay informed about the local weather and be prepared for occasional rain disruptions. If you’re planning safaris or tours in the Serengeti or Ngorongoro Crater, consider adjusting your schedule in case of rainfall. It’s a good idea to book tours and accommodations in advance, as some roads in national parks can become muddy or inaccessible during heavy rains.
Health and Safety Precautions
While Tanzania is generally a safe destination for tourists, it’s always wise to take the usual precautions. Be sure to get any necessary vaccinations (such as yellow fever or hepatitis) before traveling. Additionally, make sure to drink bottled or purified water to avoid waterborne illnesses. If you are planning on trekking Mount Kilimanjaro, be prepared for high-altitude conditions, and ensure you are physically prepared for the climb.
Wildlife Viewing and Safari Conditions
One of the main reasons to visit Tanzania in January is for its incredible wildlife and safari opportunities. The Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater are home to the Great Migration, and while the rain may cause temporary shifts in animal movements, January is still a fantastic time for wildlife viewing. The Serengeti is lush and green, attracting an abundance of herbivores and predators. You’ll have the chance to see big cats, elephants, giraffes, and an array of bird species.
Things to Do in Tanzania in January
Tanzania offers many exciting activities during January, from safaris to exploring cultural sites and beaches. Here are some of the best things to do during your trip:
Safari in Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater
January is an excellent time for a safari in the Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater. The lush green landscapes offer a vibrant backdrop for wildlife viewing, and the rain makes the area more stunning and photogenic. The wildebeest and zebra herds are still moving through the Serengeti, and you’ll have the chance to witness predator-prey interactions. The Ngorongoro Crater, known for its dense wildlife, provides the opportunity to see elephants, rhinos, and lions against the striking landscape of the caldera.
Trek Mount Kilimanjaro
If you’re an adventurous traveler, January is one of the best times to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa. The weather is relatively dry, and the temperatures are more comfortable compared to the wetter months. Make sure to bring appropriate gear for cold weather at higher altitudes. January provides clear skies and fantastic panoramic views of the surrounding areas, making this a memorable experience for those prepared for the challenge.
Relax on Zanzibar Beaches
Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania, is known for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and rich cultural history. In January, the weather is perfect for lounging on beaches like Nungwi, Kendwa, or Paje. You can also explore the historical Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its blend of Arab, Persian, Indian, and European architecture. Water activities such as snorkeling, scuba diving, and kite surfing are popular on Zanzibar’s beaches.
Visit the Selous Game Reserve
The Selous Game Reserve, located in southern Tanzania, is one of the largest game reserves in Africa and offers an excellent safari experience in January. With less rain and fewer tourists, January is a great time to explore this beautiful and less crowded reserve. The Selous offers boat safaris, walking safaris, and traditional game drives, where you can see elephants, lions, hippos, and more.
Explore Lake Tanganyika
For a more relaxed activity, visit Lake Tanganyika, the world’s second-largest freshwater lake, located in western Tanzania. The lake offers serene beaches, water activities like kayaking and snorkeling, and the chance to visit remote fishing villages. The area is tranquil and less touristy, providing an excellent opportunity for peaceful exploration.
Experience Tanzanian Culture in Dar es Salaam
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania’s largest city and main port, is a bustling cultural hub with a mix of traditional and modern influences. In January, the weather is warm, and the city offers visitors a range of experiences, from visiting museums such as the National Museum and Village Museum to exploring the local markets and enjoying Tanzanian cuisine. The city’s nightlife is vibrant, with local restaurants and bars offering fresh seafood and live music.
Visit the Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani
For those interested in history, the ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are located on an island off the southern coast of Tanzania. Kilwa Kisiwani was once an important trading center and is home to some of the most impressive Swahili architecture. The ruins are a fascinating glimpse into Tanzania’s rich history and are relatively quiet, providing an off-the-beaten-path cultural experience.
Go on a Walking Safari in Tarangire National Park
For a more immersive wildlife experience, consider going on a walking safari in Tarangire National Park. While game drives are the most popular way to view wildlife, walking safaris allow you to connect with the landscape and learn about the ecosystem from a local guide. Tarangire is known for its large elephant herds, and the park also offers stunning views of the Great Rift Valley.
Visit the Masai Mara in Kenya (Optional)
If you’re already in Tanzania, consider a short trip to neighboring Kenya to visit the Masai Mara National Reserve. January is an excellent time for wildlife viewing, and you’ll have the chance to see big cats, the Big Five, and enjoy the beautiful landscape of the Mara. While this requires a bit of travel, the experience is well worth it for wildlife enthusiasts.
Enjoy Tanzanian Cuisine
Tanzania has a rich culinary heritage, and January is the perfect time to sample local dishes. Try popular meals like ugali (a maize-based dish), sukuma (collard greens), and grilled meats such as nyama choma. Zanzibar also offers unique cuisine, blending spices from India and the Middle East with traditional African ingredients. The island’s seafood is a highlight, with fresh fish, lobster, and prawns on the menu at many restaurants.